Study of Genome Parameters in the case of Ductal Breast Cancer

Author: Tamar Sigua
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Genome, Bioregulators, Nors
Annotation:

The aim of our work was to determine the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in individuals with breast cancer of the Georgian population, which allows to evaluate the variation in the degree of chromatin condensation, and also to determine the frequency of active nuclear organizers and acrocentric chromosome associations using the Ag-and G-banding methodes together, which would allow us to determine the Intensity of ribosomal cistrons in the case of the mentioned tumor. We also accurately presented on which chromosome was changed the activity of the ribosomal cistrons in the case of the mentioned pathology. The tasks of the research were: • Determination of the level of chromosome mutations (aberrations, aneuploidy, polyploidy); • Determining the frequency of acrocentric chromosome associations and evaluating the activity of nucleolar-organizing regions in certain chromosomes in individuals with ductal form of breast cancer. • Study of the regulatory effects of Livagen and cobalt on the genome of individuals suffering from breast cancer. Cells from lymphocyte cultures of individuals with breast ductal cancer were used as research material. The following methods were used in the research: • Lymphocyte cultivation method; • Ag- and G-banding methods; • Method of registration of mutations; • IKAROS karyotyping system. It was determined by us that the intensity of entry into associations of "satellite" regions of homologous chromosomes 15:15 and 21:21 chromatids was significantly increased in individuals with breast cancer, compared to the rate of the control group of healthy individuals (p < 0.01). Our data indicate that "satelites" of chromatids of chromosomes 15:15 and 21:21 in breast cancer patients are characterized by different activity compared to the control group. The combined action of Livagen and cobalt normalizes the frequency of chromatid associations of homologous chromosomes 15:15 and 21:21 and increased expression of ribosomal cistrons in the cells of lymphocyte cultures of breast cancer patients. The study of ribosomal cistrons of acrocentric chromatids and their role in pathologies is a new direction of medicine, which paves the way for a new approach to disease diagnosis and a new treatment strategy in the future.